高原湖泊流域生态-农业系统动态耦合过程分析

对于具有耦合关系的流域复杂系统，从演化过程、驱动机制和政策效应等方面分析生态-农业耦合效应，是实现流域生态文明的方法论。论文采用系统耦合测度模型，对洱海流域系统耦合度及动态耦合过程进行分析，揭示流域生态文明下洱海流域生态农业政策的效应。结果表明：①生态农业措施对洱海流域生态-农业系统协调耦合产生积极作用。②1994-2015年，洱海流域生态-农业系统耦合度由0.48提升到0.75，接近0.8的协调耦合阈值，表明生态-农业系统由磨合阶段进入高水平耦合阶段。③耦合态势可分为磨合消耗、快速消耗、快速协调与磨合协调四个阶段，既揭示了初期生态农业政策的短期效益，又预示出中远期流域农业面源污染治理的困境。     

柴窝堡湖高白鲑生长与移殖效应分析

2004年6月-2007年5月，采集柴窝堡湖高白鲑标本79尾，对其年龄与生长状况及高白鲑在柴窝堡湖移殖效应进行了分析。研究表明：柴窝堡湖高白鲑1龄平均逆算体长L1=11.7cm、2龄平均逆算体长L2=26.1cm；体长与体重的回归方程为W=0．013474L^309069；高白鲑在柴窝堡湖生长正常，能够形成捕捞群体，但由于柴窝堡湖现有的渔业捕捞方式，影响了高白鲑在柴窝堡湖渔业移殖效应。     

试论结合场地特征的杭州湖滨和北山路景区规划设计

探讨了风景园林师如何正确理解场地特征,在保留场地原有景观典型性的基础上,营造出最适宜这片土地的地域性景观。杭州是一个历史悠久的山水风景城市,西湖风景区既有得天独厚的自然景观,又有大量的历史人文景观及传统街区。杭州西湖风景区中的湖滨景区和北山路景区是探索场地特征营造的典型案例。     

内蒙古乌梁素海污染源调查研究

内蒙古乌梁素海已成为我国寒旱区富营养化最为严重的湖泊,为弄清乌梁素海所面临的污染负荷情况,在大量实测数据和调查数据的基础上,对乌梁素海的污染源进行了详细的计算分析。结果表明:乌梁素海的污染源主要来自3个方面,分别是农田排水、工业废水和生活污染。其中,农业排水中总磷对乌梁素海的贡献率超过了30%,总氮的贡献率接近50%,COD的贡献率达到了65%。可见,农田排水对乌梁素海污染负荷的贡献率最大。为乌梁素海源头治理提供了一定的参考依据。     

环太湖地区休闲农业旅游的发展探析

综述了环太湖地区丰富的农村人文资源,探讨了其开发经营休闲农业的优劣势,并提出了建议对策。     

岳阳市南湖水环境污染治理方案优化分析

为了防止南湖水质进一步恶化，改善与提高南湖水环境质量，针对南湖水环境污染现状，提出了集中治理，分散治理及综合治理3种方案，并对这些方案进行了优化分析。     

Distribution of and reproductive isolation among color morphs of a rock-dwelling Lake Victoria cichlid (Haplochromis nyererei)

Geographical, macro- and microhabitat distribution of and mate recognition among color morphs of a complex of Lake Victoria cichlids was studied. The distribution of most morphs was mutually exclusive but two morphs overlapped extensively and differed only in microhabitat requirements. Coloration differences between them were inherited, and wild fishes were homozygous in this respect. Positive morph assortative female mate choice was demonstrated. Over the largest part of their common geographical range intermediate phenotypes are absent and the two morphs are to be considered two biological species. However, in populations at one end of the range intermediate phenotypes with continuously varying male coloration make up the majority of the individuals. It is suggested that the status of color morphs as phenotypes of one species or as separate biological species is a function of environmental conditions that vary considerably between the localities. The data support the hypothesis that polymorphisms can be a step preceding speciation in cichlid fish.     

Distribution of and reproductive isolation among color morphs of a rock-dwelling Lake Victoria cichlid (Haplochromis nyererei)

Abstract— The geographical and macro- and microhabitat distribution of and mate recognition among color morphs of a complex of Lake Victoria cichlids were studied. The distribution of most morphs was mutually exclusive, but two morphs overlapped extensively and differed only in microhabitat requirements. Coloration differences between them were inherited, and wild fishes were homozygous in this respect. Positive morph-assortative female mate choice was demonstrated. Over the largest part of their common geographical range, intermediate phenotypes are absent and the two morphs are to be considered two biological species. However, in populations at one end of the range, intermediate phenotypes with continuously varying male coloration make up the majority of the individuals. It is suggested that the status of color morphs as phenotypes of one species or as separate biological species is a function of environmental conditions that vary considerably between the localities. The data support the hypothesis that polymorphisms can be a step preceding speciation in cichlid fish.     

Temporal variation in Lake Balaton and its fish populations

Abstract— Dramatic changes have occurred in Lake Balaton in the last 40–45 years. Variations in water quality have resulted in a decrease in fish and invertebrate diversity. Fish assemblages have changed in response to human-induced eutrophication, environmental perturbations, introduction of exotic fish species, over-fishing and species-habitat interactions. Fish biomass and productivity first increased during the early 1970s with enhanced primary production, then decreased with the reduction of exploitation since the late 1970s and induced intra- and interspecific competition. Previous stable populations began to oscillate, and the majority of stocks became fragile by the mid-1980s. Extinction of native fish and invasion of new alien species alternate. Alien species have transformed the food webs, causing long-lasting ecological changes. Reduced and non-selective exploitation has resulted in higher fish density and lower production rates. Recent studies have revealed differences in the carrying capacity of fish between the littoral zone and the open water areas.